K - k

ka   

V. Hearsay past root of karik 'to do'. ka-da. He/they did.

kaas   

Pron. Genitive, dative, accusative, oblique form of kura 'Who?'; ks kA. ka-as bati sawzem? For whom shall I make it?

kaas ki   

Pron. The one whom; js ko. kaas ki nashai aini. The one whom they had killed.

kabil   

Adj. Capable, clever; qAbl. Syn: d'int'a, hushiar, akulwal'a, caspan, ucutu, zehenwal'a, t'õcuk, cimta.

kabu karik   

V. To control something.

kabul karik   

V. To accept in order to do, to obey; qbol krnA. a shama mon kabul karim. I will do what he has said. may suwal kabul kari. Accept my prayer! Syn: mon karik.

kabuz   

N. Constipation; qbZ. may kuc kabuz thi trupel day. My stomach aches from constipation.

kabza   

N. Hinge; qbZh.

kabza karik   

V. To take by force; qbZh krnA.

kaca man   

N. Measure of sixteen bat'ii (about 40 kg); cAlys kilo kA man. One bat'ii is equal to 2.5 kg. See: paka man.

kacal'u   

N. Sweet potato; Skr qndy.

kacend'uk   

N. Onion; peAz. kacend'uk tsipim day e, ecay pai, astru uc'har dyel day. When I am cutting onions up, it irritates my eyes and makes me cry. Gen: shak ‘vegetable’; Dim: kacend'utyak.

kachi   

N. Shoulder strap for holding a basket or load on one's back; tsmh, pTy. Two kinds of these are called khawa kachi and khapo kachi, and are for holding baskets on one's back. They are woven from goathair and are about two inches wide. A sohol'a kachi is made from rope. khawa kachi. khawa basket strap. sohol'a kachi. sohol'a basket strap. Morph: gachi.

kac'ac' hik   

V. To climb a tree or steep mountain like a leopard; cRxnA, lTknA.

kac'u   

N. Short-needled, evergreen tree, tall, slender, and pointed, perhaps hemlock or fir; ek deodAr ky vrH kA drXt. Picea smithiana. It grows at high elevations, has long slender fruit which ripen in June. People eat the fruit with walnuts as medicine. Goats also eat its fruit. Gen: mut' ‘plant’.

kada   

V. He/she did (hearsay); kyA hoA. See: karik.

kadar   

N. Small amount; txoRA. tu ek kadar krom may hatya ne ari. You did not do any work for me.

kadur   

N. Respect, honor. Syn: izat.

kadur karik   

V. To be hospitable to someone, respect; qdr krnA. may bahu may ajhonas hatya kadur kada. My sister-in-law was hospitable to my guest. Syn: izat karik, khater karik, adap karik.

kagas   

N. Paper, letter; kAGE. Syn: khat. Morph: kagaz.

kagazat   

N. License, official papers, documents; kAGEAt. may som jipas kagazat asta ne shian, a dira hatya parik ne bhaam ghõi amaaw. He said he didn't have documents for the jeep and so couldn't go to Dir.

kahal'   

Adj. Lazy; kAhl. krom ne kai pe mic ad'ud'aw, tasa kay kahal' ghoan. If a man does not work and only sleeps, they call him lazy. may kis' garaw bo kahal'. ek aduaw kis', du bas kariu day. My farmer is very lazy. He does one day's ploughing in two. Syn: gadra'a. Variant: kaal.

kahal'i   

N. Laziness; ssty.

kahal'i batyos   

Id. Lazy person; kAhl, sst.

kahal'i dek   

V. To be not in the mood for something; dl nh krnA. may kahal'i praw. I am not in the mood (for doing that).

kahal'i karik   

V. To be lazy; ssty krnA. kahal'i mo kai, khas'ap i. Don't be lazy, come quickly!

kahal'i mot'aw   

Adj. Lazy; kAhl.

kahar   

N. Anger; qhr, GW:h. Syn: rhos'.

kahar karik   

V. To become angry; GW:h krnA. a tay hatya kahar karim. I am angry with you. Restrict: The object is marked by hatya 'with, at'. Syn: ãgar hik, kahari hik, os' hik, thun hik, ros' karik.

kahari   

Adj. Angry; GW:e wAlA, GW:e me~. te khojin day. bo kahari asan. They are looking for her. They are very angry. Syn: t'heri.

kahari hik   

V. To become angry; GW:h krnA, GW:e me~ AnA. kahari ne hawi e, may hatya. You didn't become angry with me, did you? Restrict: The object is marked by hatya 'with'. Syn: kahar karik, ãgar hik, thun hik, os' hik, ros' karik, phu dek.

kahari mot'aw   

Adj. Angry.

kai   

V. Doing (participial form of karik 'to do'); kr ke. zhay kai, tayar kaio, ek du ug dyai aimi e, d'aran ita, zhay aheraw. We made the canal and got it ready, and after once or twice using it for irrigation, the flood came and wiped it out.

kakawãk   

N. Chicken, hen; mrGI. kakawãk ond'rak thel day. The hen is laying eggs. Male: narkũ'ku ‘rooster’; Child: kol'ucuyak ‘chick’; Subadult: matriki ‘chicken, almost adult, m/f’; Imp: kis'e ‘Shoo! (to chickens)’; tyep ‘Come!’; Product: ond'rak ‘eggs’. See: kol'uchok. Variant: kakwak ‘Urtsun’.

kakboy   

N. Leopard, tiger; cetA. Panthera pardus, family Felidae. kakboy kũ' thi ut'ikaw. The leopard crouched and sprang up. Proverb: kakboyas raw samlat mo pal'ari. ‘Don't be proud and angry like a leopard (lit: don't smooth your mustache like a leopard!)’. Usage: If a person is referred to as a leopard it means he is fast, quick on his feet, and strong. The Kalasha put both tiger and leopard into one class.. Syn: gadhyak ‘leopard’; si; Gen: bianaw zhandar; Sound: bashik, hui dyek, abayo dek ‘to howl’.

kakhaci   

Adj. Unable to speak well; totlA. See: karut'u.

N. Stutterer; hklA.

kalak at'hi   

N. Jawbone; jbRe kI hDI. Whole: jhan, jhand ‘body’. Variant: kalyak.

kalam   

N. Writing pen; qlm.

kalamdar   

N. Person who wanders around and sings and makes charms for money; qlndr.

kalapat   

Adv. Until when? For how long?; kb tk. tu kalapat shẽhẽ his? How long will you be like this? Syn: kay zha.

kalat   

N. Difficulty, trouble; burI hw"y HAlt. zulum kai pe krom bandaan haw, mocas thara alat hiu. If they are cruel and make a man work really hard, it will be difficult for him.

kalaur   

N. Blind for hiding behind while hunting or fighting; gxAt, morch. Syn: bhãgut. Variant: kalahur.

kalaur atik   

V. To aim at; gxAt me~ byTxnA. a batuna kalaur ati sharaas kay tupekan tyem day. I am shooting at a markhor from behind a rock.

kaler   

N. Corpse; lAS. Syn: at'hi, junaza, nasht'a.

kalin   

N. Rug; qAlIn. a kalin tron karim. I will weave a rug.

kalip   

N. 1 • Body; jsm. Syn: jhan, jhand ‘body’; badan, adam, khamil, c'hẽ'a, d'im. Variant: c'e' ‘Urtsun’.

2 • Last for a shoemaker; qAlb. kal'un siaw kal'un kalip kay sawzen. Boot-makers make boots according to the foot pattern. Syn: gonpak.

kalis   

???. ???

kal'am   

N. Cabbage; bnd gobxy. See: gobi.

kal'amad'uk   

N. Bunch of dried grapes.

kal'as'   

N. Walnut husk; cxlkA. See: s'al'as'; wat'ak. Variant: l'al'as'.

kal'as'a   

Adj. Kalasha (of or pertaining to the Kalasha people); kelAS. kal'as'a mon. The Kalasha language.

N. Kalasha person; kelAS frd.

kal'as'a grom   

N. The village of Kalasha Grom in Rumbur Valley; wAdI rmbor kA ek gAo~.

kal'as'i   

N. Kalasha religion, Kalasha customs.

kal'as'um   

N. The Kalasha community; kelAS mEhb ke log. Variant: kal'as'gum ‘Rumbur’.

kal'aur   

N. Dove; fAXth. Turtur communis. Gen: pac'hĩyak ‘bird’; Syn: kohow. Variant: kal'ahur.

kal'ãg   

N. Tax; jzyh, lgAn. Syn: thãgi.

kal'i   

N. Cheek; gAl. Variant: uruk ‘Urtsun (Tu)’.

kal'i para tyek   

V. To slap on the cheek; txpR mArnA. kura may kal'i para pe pa'aw haw, a tasa som tyektyek him. Whoever slaps me on the cheek, I will fight.

kal'imãjõ'i   

N. A starling; ayk qsm kA prindh. Gen: pac'hĩyak.

kal'tu   

Adv. On one's shoulder; kndxe pr. kal'tu histi pari. Put it on your shoulder and go! See: as' ‘shoulder’.

kal'um   

N. Song. Syn: ghõ'.

kal'un   

N. Moccasins, red leather boots; mukesin, cmRe ke jote. kal'un ne awaan. The moccasins didn't fit. See: kirmec; tacĩg; capl'ey; tacĩg; but'. Spec: sharakand'ali kal'unk ‘decorative moccasins made from markhor leather’; Use: dyiik ‘to put on’.

kam   

N. Clan, family, nation; qbylh, qom. Syn: dari, zat, zatr; Spec: bal'o'e ‘Baloe clan of Rumbur’; aspã'i ‘Aspani clan of Anish’; wakoke ‘Wakoke clan of Rumbur’; mutimire ‘Mutimire clan of Rumbur’; jaro'e ‘Jaroe clan of Rumbur’; zo'he ‘Zhohe clan of Rumbur’; s'as'akhe ‘Shashake clan of Rumbur’; makokan ‘Makokan clan of Rumbur’; sãgalie ‘clan’; tharayek ‘clan’; miare ‘Miare clan of Rumbur’.

kam   

N. Clan, family, nation. Spec: bagalie ‘Bagalie clan of Rumbur’; bakar ‘Bakar clan of Rumbur’; sharakat' dari ‘Sharakat clan of Kraka’; dubunuke ‘Dubuluke clan of Kraka’; bazikhe ‘Bazikhe clan of Bru~a’; bumbur ‘Bumbur clan of Kraka'’; bulasĩge ‘Bulasinge clan of Bru~’; najoge ‘Najoge clan of Anish’; shal'akadari ‘Shalak Sha clan of Brun’.

kam₂   

Adj. Less; km. ug asta kam thi, prus't' pis'iu mi ne day. Because the waterflow is small, the mill does not grind well. Syn: phatuki.

kam akul   

Adj. Foolish; km `ql. Ant: tharar; Syn: got'.

kam az kam   

Adv. At least.

kama   

N. Broad-leafed bush which is good for goat fodder; ek qsm kA podA. Gen: mut' ‘plant’.

kamakul   

Adj. Foolish.

kamamos   

N. Boneless meat; bGyr hDy wAlA goSt. See: mos.

kambal'   

N. Thick, cut, dry, branch; kTy SAX ky XSk moTy lkRy. Syn: cher, nisher, shõg.

kamd'en   

N. Yoke-pole used as a counter lever to an ox; ek bel ke lee ist`mAl hone wAlA jUA. kamd'en gri kis'im day. I am ploughing with the yoke pole. A man holds this pole and walks along beside the ox to balance it off. Mat'l: bew ‘willow wood’; Syn: ju, hawi1 ‘plow’. Category: Tool, farm.

kamek   

V. To reduce a price, make something less; km krnA. isa kre kamai. Make the price of this less! Object: kre ‘price’; kimat ‘price’; wak ‘price’; Ant: zyadek.

kamet'i karik   

V. To settle a dispute by a council of several; kmyTy bnAnA. See: adalat karik; sula karik.

kamẽyu   

N. A kind of edible mushroom; kxA"y jAne wAly kxmby. See: bhut kamẽyu; brãgalu; kutsi; shõ'a kõ'.

kami   

N. Lack, shortage; kmI. khodayas dargauna hish kia kami ne. In God's dwelling place there is no lack.

kampud'er   

N. Chemist, compounder, dispenser; kmpoDr.

kamra   

N. Room; kmrh. a ais shaya kamrauna shaya rhat, hot'uluna basi ais. I was in this room that night. I slept in the hotel.

kamu   

N. Caterpillar; snDI. See: pacho'ik; parwana.

kamuc'   

N. Measure of one handful. See: baza; nimus'; jis'; jis't'; caw ã'gu; khos'; anjil; pas'uk.

kamuc'ak karik   

V. To pick up a handful; mTxI bxrnA. kamuc'ak kai griiu. He takes a handful.

kamuti   

N. Lack, shortage.

kamuti   

N. Lack.

kamzor   

Adj. Weak; kmzor. may put afsalbek ashi trupay, bo lahaz thi asta. onjo ticak prus't'. bo kamzor thi asta. zar zar nasht'a. My son Afsalbek was very sick with a sore mouth. Now though he is a little better. He was very weak and almost died. Proverb: kamzor wal'mocas du chat' wal'moci. ‘An ineffective goatherd does his work twice’; Syn: halak; Ant: takl'a, t'and'arak. Morph: kam zor.

kana bhum   

N. A song sung at a funeral.

kanda   

N. Wild almond tree; ek drXt js kI SAXe~ bht mZbov hoty hy~. Prunus, family Rosaceae. Gen: mut' ‘tree’.

kandayak   

N. Comb; kngxI. kandayak gri c'ui but'an. They use a comb to make the braid. Use: is'paz'ik ‘to comb’.

kandirisar   

N. Kandirisar village in Bumburet Valley; wAdI bmboret kA ek gAo~.

kandrak₁   

N. Branch of a grape vine; bel. drac'ani kandrak drazhaw day. The grape branches are getting big.

kandrak₂   

N. Fissure, cleft; SgAf. bhonjaw dyai, kandrak chi shiaw. When the earthquake struck, a fissure has opened up. Do: chiik; Syn: rok.

kandrak chiik   

V. To split open, collapse; zmen kA pxT jAnA. may gos't' kandrak chi shiaw zhay. The water channel made my barn collapse. Syn: was' parik, zret'hik.

kand'alak   

N. Small tree of any kind; cxoTA drXt. See: mut'hik.

kand'ar   

N. Shoot of a plant, sprout; konpl. guum ubuji kand'ar dras'niu. When the wheat first sprouts, the shoot comes up. Variant: kand'arik.

kand'uk   

N. Long branch of the holly oak tree that has more than one year's growth.

kaniz   

N. Concubine.

kanjõ'   

N. A kind of blackbird; ek qsm kA kAlA prndh. This is smaller than a crow, and lives near water. Gen: pac'hĩyak ‘bird’.

kap   

N. Wrinkle, crease, fold; sloT, thh. Syn: gul'ẽ'a.

kap karik   

V. To fold something; thh krnA. Syn: kapek, du gul'ẽ'a karik.

kapac'a hik   

V. To lie on one's side; ek vrf ko leTnA. See: iton hik ‘to lie on one's back’.

kapakapi   

Adj. 1 • Wrinkled; Sikan hoA. Syn: krinj.

2 • Winding; gxmAo. aya dayo ne parik yaw kapakapi thi, desha phond. We will not go this way, perhaps the way will become winding and long.

kapek   

V. To wrinkle, twist, crease, fold, bend; thh lgAnA. Syn: kap karik, du gul'ẽ'a karik.

kapha   

Adj. Sad, upset, angry, peeved, offended; XfA, nArAZ. se o ama lashaleyo ko griim ghõi. se moc kapha thi ne greda. He said "Why should I take this weak goat?" He was offended and didn't take it. tasa hardi, tasa bati bo khapha hawaw. His heart became very sad for her. Syn: gamgin, troalak, pewacik. Variant: khapha.

kaphagi   

N. Sadness; XfgI. dura kaphagi thi shiaw, moc nasht'a. kaphagiuna parik. bashar doyu in. te bashar kaan. A sad thing has happened in the house, a man has died. Let's go to the mourning. The mourners will come. They will offer comfort.

kaphas   

N. Cage; qfs, pnjrh. se tara pashil'a ki, sher kaphasay ban asau. se moc kaphasas tada al'a. He saw that a tiger was shut up in a cage. The man went up to the cage.

kaphusi   

N. Female evil spirit; cRyl. She visits sleeping people and frightens them to death by rendering them unable to move any part of their body. Syn: rhuzhi, bicak, bhut, d'ind'ak, bala, gor.

karamc'a   

N. Constant beloved companion; sngy, dost. ia may karamc'a. This is my beloved sticktight.

karanci   

N. Karachi; krAcy (Shr).

karar dek   

V. To claim something; qrAr dynA. se tan soro jhonaw karar praw, magam se ne jhoniman ais. He claims he is educated but he isn't.

karas   

N. A kind of grain like millet or bajari; ek qsm ky fWl. People used to grind this to make bread but seldom do now. Gen: phasul ‘grain crop’. Variant: karazi.

karat'awar   

N. Wealth; dwlt XAnh. tay karat'awaruna bo pay asan, bo phal'ak shian. kuind'a shian, precona shian. You are very wealthy with goats, grain, cheese, and clarified butter.

karã'ik   

N. A kind of thorny bush; ek qsm ky XArdAr jxARy. The leaves of this plant are eaten by goats. Gen: mut' ‘plant’.

karbawar   

?. ?

karbit'er   

N. Carburetor; kArbryTr. Whole: mat'or ‘jeep/vehicle’.

karci   

N. Scissors; qencI. Syn: sal'ir.

karcir   

N. Mule; Xcr. Species: gordok ‘donkey’; hãsh ‘horse’.

kardaci   

N. Lettuce; slAd.

karek   

V. To cause or help to do; krAnA. sudayakan mutra karek. We help the children relieve themselves.

kari t'õ'ek   

V. To warn someone, inform someone; XbrdAr krnA. a tay kari t'õ'ai ais, atra mo pari ghõi. I warned you not to go there. Restrict: The first word of this compound is Khowar and means 'in the ear'. Syn: khabardar karik, hushuna histik, dimakuna mon histik, khabardar karik, ãga karik.

kariban   

Adj. Approximately, about; tqrebAaa. kariban kia as't' bajaas amal shẽhẽ t'em thi ashis. It was about eight o'clock. Syn: jamuki. Variant: takriban; tariban.

karik   

V. 1 • To do; krnA.

2 • To say; khnA. ek du tre kaio, hẽ ghõta. He said, "One two three, get going!" (lit: one two three doing, get going he said).

3 • To do (verbal compound maker); krnA. tron karik. To weave (lit: to do a loom).

4 • To make, build; bnAnA. kia karis day? zhay karim day. What are you making? I'm making an irrigation channel. Restrict: Although we have given this verb as the model for class 1 verbs, the past tense is not regular in that it is built on a root that is different from the present tense root. Most other verbs in this class build the past tense on the verb root plus a prefixed -fv:a. Otherwise, the suffixes seen below for past tense are the same for all verbs of this class. Syn: sawzek; Past(hearsay): kada ‘he/she did’; Past: araw ‘he/she did’; Actor: garaw ‘doer’.

karkara   

N. Feather ornament on a men's cap or a womans' headdress; Topy pr phnne kA par.

karmatshi   

N. Catfish; ek qsm kI mcxlI. This species has whiskers and is not eaten by the Kalasha. Gen: matshi ‘fish’.

karmat'hak   

N. The side of the head from behind ears to the temples; knpTI. Whole: jhan, jhand ‘body’.

karneshuk   

Adj. Demanding, insistent; ZdI. ia bo karneshuk suda. isa som dawa ne hiu. This is a very uncontrollable boy. Nothing can be done with him.

karobar   

N. Business; kArobAr. karobaruna d'an ashis. I suffered a loss in the business (lit: I ate a loss in the business).

karo'ek   

V. To make a hole in material, pierce something; sorAX nkAlnA. sujik gri cakash karo'en. phato sujik gri upac'in. phato khu'yak thi upuc'iu. They take a needle and make a hole in the cowrie shell. Then taking the needle they pry it up. Then the little bowl-like piece breaks loose and pops out. Instr: cumus't'i ‘chisel-like tool’; suzhik ‘needle’.

karõ'   

N. Revenge; bdlh. Syn: badela; Use: griik ‘to get’; chal'ek ‘to get’.

karõ' chal'ek   

V. To revenge; bdlh lenA. Restrict: The source is marked by thara 'from'. Syn: badela griik.

karõ' griik   

V. To take revenge from someone; bdlh lenA. Restrict: The source is marked by pi 'from'. Syn: badela griik.

karõ'ik   

Adj. Twisted; mroR. Syn: nosh, gren tshir, camen.

karphas   

N. Phlegm, mucus; blGm. a karphas chal'em day. I am clearing the phlegm (from my throat).

kartus, kartust   

N. Cartridge, rifle bullet; kArtos. Spec: goraiani kartus ‘rifle cartridge’.

karuni   

Adj. Legal; qAnonI.

karun'   

N. Law; qAnon. Syn: dastur.

karut'u   

Adj. Deaf (permanently); bhrA. kõ' ne pe sãgaini haw, karut'u. If the ears do not hear, they are deaf. Syn: thap. See: kakhaci ‘dumb’.

kasakdaru   

N. Gunpowder; bAruod. may kasakdaru bo shishoyak. aya wez gril'a ne hiu. My gunpowder is very good. Here it will not get wet. Loc: kuti ‘gunpowder pouch’.

Adj. Easily provoked, touchy, excitable; tng mzAj.

kasara   

N. Loss; XsArh. dos' kutsi abrĩkis e, may hatya kasara hawaw. Yesterday when I sold the mushrooms I realized a loss. Syn: nuksan, d'an, zian, abrukham.

kasas   

N. Death penalty. Syn: phansi karik.

kasek   

V. 1 • To cause to walk; clAnA. a ama kasem day. I am helping her to walk.

2 • To drive a vehicle; clAnA.

3 • To take something with one; apne sAtx koI cez lee rkxnA. may som khalta kasem. I will take a bag with me. This means to take something on a trip with you, more than just going out to work.

3 • To know about the seasonal positions of the sun and stars. suri kasek. To know the seasonal positions of the sun.

kash   

N. Rust; zng. Syn: zãgar.

kash griik   

Id. To rust; zng lgnA. tu phal'ak chal'em day ghõi, gonjay bo cir ari. kia phand'una kash gri ashis? You spent a lot of time in the store room getting the grain. What happened? Was the storage container rusted (shut)? Syn: zãgar griik.

kash ki   

Cnj. O that. te tara tay tyen. ne pe haw, kash ki pai jagai na. They will beat you. Otherwise why don't you go there and see for youself. shia za ka'wa. kash ki zhui jagai na. This salen is too salty. Why don't you try it yourself? tu lawes day. kash ki a to moc hali tay som mukmuk karim. You are lying. O that I could make you face the man himself.

kashẽshuk   

N. Vegetable like a radish. Gen: mut'.

kashki   

Intj. If possible. kashki mut'a us't'i. Climb the tree if you can.

kashni   

N. Prostitute; ksby. Syn: land'i. Variant: kacni.

kasik   

V. 1 • To walk, to move, to flow; clnA. tsirẽ kasiu day. The parrot is walking. ug c'hetruna kasiu day. The water is flowing into the field. Restrict: This applies only to things that can move under their own power like animate things, water, and vehicles. Syn: parik.

2 • To beat or pulse; clnA. yuruban kasiu. (He) has a pulse.

kasika parik   

V. To stroll, to take a walk; ser krnA. Syn: caker karik, kosaw parik.

kas'alici hik   

V. To become lame and have to limp or drag oneself; lngRA kr clnA. Restrict: This is only said of an animal that has been wounded.

kas'al'ek   

V. To drag, to pull; gxseTnA. a mut' prekiaio, tanci, dura hatya kas'al'ai onim. I cut down the tree, strip it and drag it to my house. Syn: kas'ek, rakes'ik. See: honcik.

kas'ek   

V. To drag something; gxsyTnA. moc cher chomuna kas'ai onin. Men drag branches on the ground and bring them with them. Things are dragged because one man can drag something that it would take several men to carry. Typical things that are dragged are dar 'beams', shul'a 'wood', cher 'cut branches', and soma 'rakes'. Syn: kas'al'ek, rakes'ik. See: honcik.

kas'ẽ t'õg   

N. A kind of pear; ek qsm ky nASpAtI. It is small, hard, green and sweet. Gen: t'õg ‘pear’.

kas'õg   

N. Woolen hat or cap of Kalasha and Chitralis; ctrAlI TopI. See: khu'; s'a ghu'; kupas; kato'ho'iki.

kas't'ar   

Adj. Dirty (utensils). Syn: nazi.

katak   

Adj. New, rich; phlA (dodx).

katak c'as'a   

N. Cottage cheese made from milk of a newly freshened goat or cow; phle dodx se bnA pnyr. thesu day ku'a'k pe hawaw haw, to dhui katak j'as'a karin. caw ponj bas zha katak c'as'a karin. From the beginning when a cow gives birth, they milk her and make katak c'as'a. For four or five days they make this. If a goat is born, only the men can eat the cheese made from the enriched milk. If a cow is born, both men and women can eat. Gen: chamani ‘cheese’. Morph: katak c'as'a.

katak j'hir   

N. New milk which an animal gives right after giving birth; jAnoro~ kA neA dodx. katak j'hir gri, katak c'as'a karin. They take new milk and make katak c'as'a (enriched cottage cheese). Morph: katak c'hir.

katar   

N. Large knife, dagger; cxurA. Classmates: niza, khãgar, caku, nirãg; Proverb: amẽ'as khuran koci katar chalek. ‘A sheep's digging with its foot brings out a knife (meaning = to make trouble for oneself)’; Loc: kazho'i. Category: Tools.

kathai   

N. Mistake; Glvy. kathaias thara thi shiaw. It happened by mistake. Syn: galat, abatha.

kato'ho'iki   

N. Hood; grdn poS. ghũ'i kato'ho'iki. The hood of a goathair coat. See: khu'; s'a ghu'; kupas; kas'õg.

katra   

N. Cane; bed. sharuga dita moc s'umberuno katra shenay ne d'ud'iman asta. In the past a man who had given a Sharuga feasts would not sleep on a cane bed.

katrik    See main entry: kratik.

katsẽ'   

N. The player chosen to be the one to attack the goal in the game of kus'ẽ'a; ek qsm kA kxel js me~ kxlARy ek pAo~ pr cl kr kone tk jAtA he. See: kus'ẽa hik.

katso'a   

N. Leftovers or remains of eating; jUTxA, ps Xordh. adhek gri, katso'a o mo kari. Take a little bit, don't make there be leftovers. Syn: bes'. Variant: katso'i.

katul karik   

V. To kill someone; qtl krnA. s'umberan moc zhãg kai nirãgas thara moc katil kariman aini. Years ago men used to fight with swords and kill men. Syn: nashek, hõ'ik, marik, adroik, khun karik, d'umbek, khatum karik.

kat'   

N. Board; tXth. ia rha kat'. mez karim day. This is a cedar board. I will make a table (from it). Gen: dar ‘beams or timbers’; Dim: kat'al'ak; Syn: pat'a.

kat'ar   

Adj. Very cold; bht srd. bian se dras'niu e, kat'ar kariu day. When he goes outside, he will become cold. Syn: tsrekhi, osh, tramona.

kat'ar karik   

V. 1 • To be very cold; bht srdI lgnA. ug kat'ar kariu day, bo osh. The water is very cold (to me), its very cold.

2 • To break or cut; kATnA, toRnA. se batan thai shisha kat'ar araw. He broke the window with a stone.

kat'arok   

N. Very cold water; bht TxnDA pAnI. Morph: kat'ar uk.

kat'ẽru   

Adj. Fragile, brittle (of branches); jldI ToT jAne wAly (SAX), nAzk. Syn: nazuk, thadaruk, plok. Variant: kat'ẽshur.

kat'heri   

N. Steep place on the mountain where scree has fallen; ptxrIlI.

kat'hẽshuk   

N. A kind of grass.

kat'hos   

N. Log; lkRI kA bRA TkRA. kat'hos oni aam. bishaikas bas'. I have brought a log. It must be cut. Syn: t'hopa.

kat't'har   

N. 1 • Board bed used in barns; tXth js pr sote he~. This is put up high so the goats cannot bother the one sleeping.

2 • Porch; lkRy ke tXto~ se bnAyA hoA brAmdh. kat't'haray nisai, d'a may piai. Sit me on the porch and serve me wine. Syn: mukhen, l'awar; Whole: dur ‘house’.

kaul   

N. Promise; w`dh. Syn: wakda, shat. Variant: kahul.

kaul karik   

V. To solemly promise or pledge; sakty se w`dh krnA. Restrict: The person with whom the promise is made is marked by som 'with'. Syn: wagda karik. This is a more restricted meaning of 'promise' than wagda as it primarily implies a promise about marriage or romance between a man and a woman. It also entails the sign of linking of index fingers or shaking of hands by the participants. It is usually done if one party is in doubt about the love of another and wants to make sure. However, it is sometimes done between men as well and then has a meaning of a serious promise.

kauluna   

Adv. According to promise; qol ke mvAbq.

kaus'   

N. Traditional shoes.

kaw₁   

N. Wild olive, wood of olive tree; ek qsm kA drXt js ky lkRy bht sXt hoty he. Olea ferruginea, family Oleaceae. This is considered to be the hardest of the hardwoods. If it is olive, it must be a kind that bears no fruit. There are many of this kind of tree in Urtsun. Whole: mut' ‘tree’. Variant: kao.

kaw₂   

N. Year; sAl. Phase: heman ‘winter’; basun, basund ‘spring’; nel'a ‘summer’; sharu ‘fall’.

kaw₃   

N. Claw (as of a cat or a bird); pnjh. Syn: dramuc', ghraw.

kaw dyek   

V. To scratch or claw with claws like a cat; pnjh mArnA. Syn: dramuc' dyek, ghraw dyek, drikdrik karik.

kawa   

Adv. 1 • Where?; kdxr. shõ'a kawa nashai aan? Where did they kill the dog? Idiom: andey kawey kawa para? ‘How far did you go?’.

2 • Sometime; kbxy. kawa, ek du adua tay som madat karik. Sometime for a day or two we'll give you a hand. Variant: kam ‘Urtsun (Tu)’.

3 • How great, very. kawa prus't' zhoshi aran. What a good Joshi they celebrated!

kawa cay   

N. Green tea; qhoh cAe. Gen: cay ‘tea’.

kawa day   

Id. By which way?; ks rAste se, khA~ se. kawa day paraw? Which way did he go?

kawaki   

Adv. Where, there where; jhA~. kawaki se ais, shatara zhalio ac'is't'aw. It stopped when it reached where she was.

kawaliyak   

Adj. Lone, alone; akelApn. kawaliyak moc shẽhẽ thio gudas his day albat. A man, being alone like that, will wear himself out. Syn: gezhi.

kawaw   

N. Clay jar for cooking or water storage; gxRA. See: t'unj; azec; azej; mis.

kaway   

Adv. 1 • To where?; khA~. tu kaway paris day? kaway ne la, baya mic kromuna parim day. Where are you going? Nowhere special brother, just to work.

2 • Why?; kyw~. kaway anday ita ai? Why did you come here? Morph: kawa‑ay.

kawayhak   

Adv. Far (out of sight of speaker); bht dor. se pai pai kawayhak kay paraw. He went and went far away.

kawel'a   

Adv. From where?; khA~ se. kawel'a ita aas? From where have you come? Syn: kawey. Morph: kawel'‑a. Variant: kam ‘Urtsun (Tu)’. See: al'el'a.

kawer   

N. Kalasha, Kafir, pagan, unbeliever (in God); kAfr. Variant: kapher.

kawey   

Adv. From where?; khA~ se. Syn: kawel'a. Morph: kawa‑ey.

kawey asta   

Adv. Wherever; khy~ bxy. tay hatya kawey asta khuraka onim. I will bring food for you from wherever.

kawgherik   

N. Birthday.

kawgherikas adu   

N. Birthday.

kawia karik   

V. 1 • To joke, to make fun; mEAq krnA. See: maskara karik; mazak karik; tãg karik; cukus'ek; druzhik; t'okala karik; awacek.

2 • Tease or make fun verbally about sex or other rather off-color matters; mEAq krnA, cxyRnA. Joking is permitted with familiar persons like one's wife or her younger sister, but not her older sister. Restrict: The person this is done with is marked by som 'with'. Variant: kabia karik.

kawir   

N. A kind of vegetable.

kawit   

N. 1 • Fig; anjer. Ficus carica, family Moraceae. Gen: mut' ‘tree’.

2 • Fig tree. Gen: mẽwa ‘fruit’.

kawl'i   

kawsel   

N. Council.

kawshel karik   

V. To overlay, to cover, to plate. Variant: kawshelak karik.

kawshelak   

N. Lines in woven pattern of a decorative band; ek qsm kA nqS w ngAr.

kaws'   

N. Mocassin.

kay₁   

Rel. 1 • To, in, on, into; ko. may kay asta maas. Tell (it) to me also! khodayas hokumuna kay mon dek ne bhaik. We can say nothing against the will of God.

2 • At; ko. rhat kay mo kasi, tay khur d'ukel. Don't walk at night, you will stumble! a to tara kay pashi hayran hawis, se kay khawew ita ais haw. I was surprised to see him there (at that place) wondering how in the world he arrived so soon. Syn: pahara, gehen.

3 • About; ke bAre me~. dura kay krom citi trakuman mo ha. When thinking about the work of your house, don't worry about it.

kay₂   

Adv. When?; kb. kay ita aas? When did you come?

N. Time, period; wqt. a ujhui aam, ticak asta kayo tu bata ujhuas. I have put my grain in; after a little while you will too. Syn: kaygal'akse. Variant: gay.

kay asta   

Adv. Whenever, sometime; kbxI bxy. kay asta parik. We will go sometime. Syn: hargez.

kay dic   

Adv. Some time ago, at some time earlier; kAfy der phle. tu kay a? kay dic. When did you come? Some time ago. Syn: dic, thesu, z'ot, shonjaro.

kay khawew   

Adv. Sometime; kb kA, ksy wqt. kay khawel'o may de. Give it to me sometime! Variant: kay khewew.

kay ne kay   

Id. Sometime. kay ne kay khoday te kal'as'on muc'a oniu. Sometime God will bring them back into the possession of the Kalasha.

kay zha   

Adv. Until when?; kb tk. ama zhayo, kay zha karik bhaas hawaw? By when will you be able to finish this water channel? Syn: kalapat.

kay z'ot   

Adv. Long before, some time ago; kAfy `rWh phle. al'a kay z'ot kis'i ais. I ploughed it some time ago. Syn: s'umber.

kayabata   

Adv. Already; kbkA. se kayabata gal'a. He already left. Syn: kokhawew.

kayaw   

Adv. From when?; kb se. kayaw anday tu lahaz? How long have you been sick?

kaygal'akse   

Adv. When, whenever.

kaymina kaymina   

Adv. Once upon a time; ek df`h kA zkr he. kaymina kaymina ek l'awak asta, ego its asta. Once upon a time there was a fox and a bear. Syn: waktamaya, wakti. Morph: kay‑mina.

kayt   

Adj. Homesick, restless.

kayt hik   

V. To be homesick, bored, restless, unsettled; uktAnA, udAs honA. may phaw zhe bat cundin day. The earth and stones bite me. Syn: tãg hik, surba hik.

kazho'i   

N. 1 • Cloth bag for carrying flour or grain or materials; txelA.

2 • Scabbard for a sword; nyAm. Syn: hanu. Variant: kazhor'i ‘Birir’.

kazho'yak   

N. Purse, pouch; txelI.

kazi   

N. Judge; qAZI. Syn: jac. This title means a man is retired and in government pay.

kãkaw   

N. Weaving comb; lkRI se bnAyA hoA kngxA jo kylASi pTy bnAte wqt ast`mAl hotA he. This is used while weaving to push the new yarn down into place while making a cummerbund. Whole: tron ‘loom’.

ka'ak₁   

N. Ears of corn or heads of wheat; siTA, XoSh. Syn: shumbul'i.

ka'ak₂   

N. Coil of intertwined branches; Thny se bnA kunDl. These are used for tying loads to carry on one's back. The coil has the function of keeping the ropes separated and the load balanced. They are also used in a dance in zhoshi 'the spring festival' in which dancers hold on to either side of them while they dance in a long line. See: tal'i.

ka'ak dyek   

V. 1 • To coil up (like a snake); (sAnp kA) kunDl mAr kr beTxnA. gok ka'ak dyel day. The snake is coiling.

2 • Sit in a lotus position; Alty pAlty mAr kr byTxnA.

ka'akal'i   

Adj. Fruitful, productive.

ka'am   

N. Mature ectoparasite of livestock similar to, or the mature phase of, a co'i; cmccR. amẽ'on ka'am kai, bo kamzor thi aan. Because the ticks are attached to the sheep they have become weak. The ticks suck the blood of the goats and sheep. This could be a leech or a tick. Do: karik ‘to attach’; Syn: co'i.

ka'a'tyak   

N. Ringlet made from willow branches which are linked together to form chains; kRA, lckdAr SAXo~ se bnA hoA kRA. These are hooked together in a chain and wrapped around a basket for use in cawmos 'the winter festival'. ka'a'tyak gren dye. Tie the ringlets together!

ka'ga'   

N. Crow; koA. Corvus. Gen: pac'hĩyak ‘bird’.

ka'ga'yak   

N. Crow ceremony; kOo~ kA thoAr. This is held a week after cawmos 'the winter festival'. Flat bread stuffed with meat, walnut meats, coriander, and dried tomatoes is made. During the night songs are sung to praise the crows. Next morning they take beans and shells in one hand and walnut meats and beans in the other. They throw the shells at the first crow that is seen flying and sing a song to abuse them.

ka'i   

N. Gravy made from meat juices and flour; goSt kI yXnI. Syn: mosok; Spec: bujus'anaw; Degrad: crukai2 ‘spoiled’. Variant: kad'i ‘Birir’.

ka'i   

N. Shelf formed by the end of a protruding beam; dyoAr my~ ast`mAl Sdh lkRy kA bAhr niklA hUA HW:h. Syn: peynyak.

ka'k   

Adv. Extremely; bht. ka'k osh. Extremely cold. Syn: paki₂.

ka'kse   

Adj. Dry and hard; XSk aor sXt. au paci ka'kse thi shian. The bread has baked and become hard and dry. Syn: sharaw, d'ad'e, kirkot', ac'una.

ka'mba'huki   

N. 1 • Doll; gRyA. Variant: ka'mba'hutyak.

2 • Flag made in someone's honor when he dies; ek qsm kA jxnDA jo murde ke lee bnAyA jAtA he. People dance with this at a funeral.

ka'mba'utyak   

N. 1 • Female doll made of pine wood and cloth; guRyA. Older women make small dolls and give them to unmarried girls. Then they make clothes for them and dress them and sit them in the house and make food for them. After twelve days they take them out and bury them under a stone. This is done after cawmos 'the winter festival' and after the da'u tatu 'festival of beans'.

2 • Festival of little female dolls; ek rsm js me~ bcyA~ guRyA bnAty h~. After d'agari (Crow) Festival, about ten days after cawmos 'the winter festival', little girls make dolls and feed them food for seven days. After this they throw them outside the village saying that they are putting them in their husbands' home. During this time men make model guns for hunting.

ka'mka'm   

N. Animal trap; pxndA. Use: ujek ‘to set’; dharik ‘to set’; Syn: grui, phash, bethuk.

ka'wa₁   

N. Bite (of food); lqmh. ek ka'wa au may de. Give me a bite of bread! See: dana; phal'ik; gl'ak; cani; shurup.

ka'wa₂   

Adj. Very salty; tyz nmk wAly (cyz), tez nmkyn. au ka'wa thi shiaw. The food is too salty. Ant: we'khal.

kã'g   

Adv. Suddenly, quickly; ek dm. asa kã'g adiaw. He ate suddenly. Syn: pat. Restrict: This is typically associated with the verb zhuk 'eat'.

kã'g dek   

V. ??

kã'kuc   

Adj. Disagreeable, cranky, fussy, selfish; Zidy, Xod GrZ. asa kã'kuc moc. ek krom asta ne khoshel day. He's a disagreeable man. No work pleases him. This is also said of a child that cries a lot.

kelum   

N. Medicine that cures the skin disease of goats called l'andra; Wnobr yA clGoze ky lkRy kA tel jo jild ky bymAryo~ ke lee ist`mAl hotA he. This is obtained from the roots of cedar extracted by heat.

kel'   

N. Competition. tu kas kel'una aas? Who are you competing against.

ken karik   

V. To take from one's own; apne sAmne se ksI kAm ko krnA. ken kai zhu. Take from your own side (of the basket) and eat! The implications are that the person is taking food from a common plate, but instead of eating from the side close to him, is taking from wherever he wants and thus bothering others.

keram   

N. Carom board game; kyrm borD (kxyl). Gen: l'abe' ‘game’. Variant: kerambot'.

kes   

N. One single hair; ek bAl. Group: cawar, jac ‘hair’; jaji1 ‘hair’.

kesman   

N. Kind, type; qism kA. du kesman kuc trupel. ekta d'ãg thi trupel. ego khãs' thi trupel. There are two kinds of stomach pain. One pains from constipation. The other pains from diarrhea. Syn: ruyakan. Variant: kezman; kesam; kesuman.

kesmat   

N. Providence, fate, luck, destiny; qismt. magam kesmatas krom, ek aduo shẽhẽ hawaw ki may ja tan moas dura aaw. But by luck one day my wife happened to come to her maternal uncle's house. Syn: mukarar, ruzi, nasip.

kesmatdar   

Adj. Lucky; qsmt wAlA. Syn: pilinpõgi.

kewo   

Adv. Like that; usy vrH. shasemi kewo thi, thaw hul'a. She herself remained like that. Syn: ẽhẽ.

ke'   

N. 1 • Step in a stairway. Whole: shid.

2 • Cut in a tree to make it dry out.

ke'hek   

V. To chop down a tree; klhARy se coT lgAnA, kATnA.

kẽ'   

N. 1 • Cave; GAr. See: trãc'a.

2 • Tunnel; srng.

3 • Groove; nAly.

kẽ' karik   

V. 1 • To notch wood to record the passage of time; gxRnA, trASnA.

2 • To score wood to improve the grip; gxRnA, trASnA.

kẽ'esh   

N. The stem on a bunch of grapes; angor ke gcxe ke cxoTe cxoTe HW:e. Syn: shuak. See: ruts.

kẽ'kuc   

Adj. Fussy, cry-baby, over-protective.

khaay   

Intj. 1 • Oh!, Is that so?; acxA. khaay, toa. Oh, what happened next? The phrase khaay toa 'Oh, then (what?)', is said to elicit more of the story being told.

2 • Please. shama krom kari la, khaay. Do this work please.

khabar   

N. News, word, information; Xbr. may hatya kawey khabar oni. Bring me news from somewhere! Syn: mon.

khabar biko   

Id. 1 • Perhaps; SA"d. khabar biko se iu. Perhaps he will come. Syn: albat, amat...haw, nãga.

2 • Suddenly; acAnk.

3 • At that moment; itne my~.

khabar karik   

V. To inform, let someone know; Xbr krnA. tu may kay bo pis't'aw lahazias khabar ari. You informed me very late of (your) sickness. Idiom: tu may pi khabar ne aas. ‘You really do not know what I am capable of’. Restrict: The indirect object is marked by kay 'to'.

khabardar   

Adj. Informed, aware; XbrdAr. a khabardar. I know that.

Intj. Be careful! khabardar, shẽhẽ mo kari. Be careful! Don't do that!

khabardar karik   

V. 1 • To inform someone about something; XbrdAr krnA, AgAh krnA. asa shatal'ey mondrani may khabardar araw. He told me about that matter. Syn: kari t'õ'ek, hushuna histik, dimakuna mon histik, is'kit' karik, ãga karik.

2 • To warn; XbrdAr krnA.

khabaruna hik   

V. To take care of someone. tasa khabaruna ha. Take care of him.

khabi l'o'ek   

V. To mess up, to make something messy or unfit to eat; mA"` XorAk ko juoTxA krnA yA gndA krnA. za mo khabi l'o'ai. phato kura ne zhun. Don't mess up the sauce. Then no one will eat it.

khac   

N. Spending money, expense; Xrch. dura ita, khac ghat'is day. You come home and ask for spending money.

khac karik   

V. To expend, to spend, to use up; Xrch krnA. tasa gheri bribo c'hõ'i hiu shoon, bo kesman bribo gri, khac karon pariu. Until walnut harvest comes again for him, he will take walnuts for many purposes and thus they will get used up.

khaca   

Adj. Dangerous, wild, uncivilized, bad, strong; XvrnAk, burA. khaca isprap. Deep (strong) sleep.

Adv. Extremely, very; bht. bo khaca zahalum kakboy asta. He was a terribly fierce leopard they say. khaca s'at'aki shõ'a. An extremely dangerous dog. Syn: paki₂.

khaca jhonik   

V. To dislike; psnd nA krnA. te khaca jhonik hin day. They dislike each other. se to khaca jhoniu. He dislikes him.

khaca sos   

N. Nausea; mtly, qe.

khaca sos hik   

V. To feel nauseated; mtly AnA, qe AnA. may khaca sos hiu day. I am feeling nauseated.

khaca sos karik   

V. To feel nauseated; ulTy krnA, mtlI AnA. may khaca sos kariu day. I feel nauseous. Syn: hardi ukutek.

khaca s'at'il'a   

N. A person with a very bad disease.

khacaik   

V. To hate, dislike. dic'hiik, as'kek.

khacek   

V. To. se moc khacel. He dislikes people. Syn: as't'ek, dic'hiik, badas'cik, khaca jhonik.

khadarik   

V. To suffer very much. troi, troi khadari aaw. Crying, crying, she cried a lot. aj adua abi au ne thi, anoren khadarimi. Today we got very hungry from hunger because we had nothing to eat.

khadarik   

V. To be extreme. may anora kai khadarai shiaw. I am very very hungry. a anora thi khadaris. I am very very hungry. suda troi khadari aaw. The child is crying and crying.

khado'ok   

Adj. Turbid, muddy; gdlA. ug khado'ok thi shiaw. The water has become turbid and cloudy. Syn: aprati; Ant: sapha. Variant: khabado'ho'k.

khadra   

N. Danger; Xvrh. hish kia khadra ne shiaw. There is no danger at all. Max: sak.

khaish   

N. Desire, will, choice; XoAhS. ponj s'o bas a jiem, may khaish pe hawaw haw, a im. I will think about it for five or six days, then if I want to, I will come. Syn: cit, kut'rits, marzi, riza, khumar, arman.

khajalat   

N. Shame.

khajalat karik   

V. To dishonor.

khak   

N. Uvula and palate; Hlq kA koA.

khal   

N. 1 • Taste; EAiqh. az'a'iani khal mawra. The taste of apricots is sweet.

2 • Pleasure; lvf, mzh. may chul'ikiko ki khẽ aas chom thara dunia. kia gunamele aris a. manzur ne araw al'ay paydagaraw. shia du bas kini dunia, khaluna ne l'asel. My darling little girl, what has happened to you here on earth? What sin have I committed? God in heaven has not approved your living here--just two days, and does not permit you to have pleasure here. The word kini, is Khowar and seems to have only emotive meaning of some kind.

khal dek   

V. To enjoy something; lvf AnA, mzh AnA. tay khal praw e? Did you enjoy it? Syn: maza ik.

khal jagek   

V. To taste; EAiqh dykxnA, ckxnA. mosani khal jagek. We will taste the meat.

khal karik   

V. To be loving, treat well; pyAr krnA, acxA slok krnA. tasa tan ku'a'kas som khal kareli. He should be loving to his child.

khal parik   

V. To disagree, to have a falling out, to become disenchanted; Xon sfyd honA, nAcAqI honA. homa tan mocuna khal paraw. We no longer see eye to eye.

khalas   

khalas hik   

V. To become rescued; bcnA, cxuTkArA pAnA, njAt pAnA. abi bandi hikas pi khalas hawimi. We were saved from becoming prisoners.

khalas karik   

V. To rescue; bcAnA, cxuTkArA dynA,njAt dynA. moc ug aheraw e, a khalas aris. When the water was taking the man away, I rescued him. Syn: bacat karik, sarãg hik, sabap hik, zaria hik.

khalasgaraw   

N. Rescuer, savior; bcAne wAlA, njAt dhndh.

khalasi   

N. Rescue, deliverance; njAt. ajo tay khalasi ne. Now you are no longer safe.

khali₁   

Adv. Only; fqv. tu khali au may des day. mos asta oni. You are only giving me bread. Bring meat as well. Syn: hẽka, phakat, sirip.

khali₂   

Adj. Empty; XAly. may kuc khali. My stomach is empty. sia moc khali mi asta ne aaw. He is really someone! (lit: This man empty also is not). Ant: wi'yak; Max: d'ãg.

khalos'   

N. Mocassin. Syn: kal'un, kaws', sharakand'al'i.

khaltabar   

N. In-laws, relationship by marriage between bride's and bridegroom's parents; SAdy ke zry`e rSth dAr. This is the relationship between one's own parents and the parents of one's wife. A man will refer to the rest of his in-laws as his bil'ahi. That is, his son's wife's sister would be bil'ahi to him. Syn: bil'ahi.

khaltabari   

N. Marriage arrangement; mngny, rSth dAry.

khaltabari karik   

V. To arrange a marriage; rSth ve krnA. a tasi som khaltabari karika parim day. I'm going in order to arrange a marriage with them. Syn: ja khojik.

khal'ak dek   

V. To be nauseated.

khal'ãg   

N. Quilt, blanket; rZAI, lHAf. khal'ãg, pat'ighũ'i, tolay, darai, us'is' dyiuni, itu tyai, bistara. Quilts, bed mats, mattresses, covers, pillows, grouped together, are bedding. Gen: bistara ‘bedding’.

khal'ek   

V. To place or bury a corpse in a graveyard; dfnAnA. nas't'a khal'ai nat'in. After putting the dead body in the graveyard they will dance. Syn: d'ãgek, dawa karik, at'hi histik.

khal'õ'yak   

N. Ripe walnut, ready to harvest and to separate from its covering; pke aXroT cxilke utre hU"e. presaw bribo tayar thi shian, khal'õ'yak hin day. In the lower branches the walnuts are ripe; they are becoming harvestable walnuts. This phase occurs perhaps one month after the dzal'eki forms. Sequence: bribo ‘walnut’.

Adj. Round and clean as a freshly peeled walnut, bald; gnjA. Syn: l'ak, l'õ'onyak.

khal'õ'yak karik   

V. 1 • To shell or shuck walnuts; aXroT pr se cxilk' utArnA. pis't'aw ek awata kot'al'a bribo khal'õ'yak kaan. Later in one place they shell the walnuts they have gathered.

2 • To shave someone's head; sr gnjA krnA, sr mnDAnA.

kham₁   

Adj. Plain, level; hmoAr. ek ta kham c'hetr shiaw. duo drẽ'a c'hetr shian. I have one level field and two sloping ones. Ant: drẽ'a; Syn: l'ãs't'.

kham₂   

N. Bite; lqmh. Syn: ka'wai2. See: dana; phal'ik; gl'ak; cani; shurup.

kham karik   

V. To bite off a piece; ek lqmh lenA. may asta de, ek kham kaio pishtyak dem. Give me some, I'll take a bite and give it back. See: dandia karik.

khamakha   

Adv. Surely, definitely; ZrUr.

khamani   

N. Springs (as on a vehicle); kmAny. Whole: mat'or ‘jeep/vehicle’.

khamas'ik   

V. To grope around as in the dark; TTolnA. rhat a khamas'i khamas'i, dur ne sapres. At night I groped and groped but I couldn't find the door. Syn: tramakik.

khamduma   

Adj. Confused; gxbrAyA hUA. Syn: dumac'ha, markhanda, gat'niwac'.

khamek   

V. To hit something in anger; de mArnA. a bat gri, tasa ek khames. I took a stone and hit him with one shot. Syn: tyek, shakhek.

khamiat   

Adj. Successful; kAmyAb. tu khamiat his. You will be successful. Variant: khamiap.

khamil   

N. Body, being; jism. tasa khamiluna bhut ataw. An evil spirit entered him. Syn: jhan, jhand ‘body’; badan, kalip, adam, c'hẽ'a, d'im. Variant: khamin.

khampik   

V. To prick, as a thorn; cxubnA, pyost honA. Max: c'ap. See: ãc'ak ‘pricker’; cõk ‘thorn’.

khamush hik   

V. Be quiet.

khanadan   

N. One's immediate family but not any relations by marriage; XAndAn.

khanara   

N. End (farthest place away from speaker); bht dor.

khanazek   

N. Female servant.

khandor hik   

V. To be troubled, inconvenienced, involved; txk jAnA, tng AnA. abi bo khandor hawimi. We became very involved (in doing that)! a zhay karik ne bhai, khandor hawis. I was not able to make the irrigation canal and it caused me a lot of trouble. may som khandor mo ha. Don't trouble yourself for me. Syn: gudas hik.

khand'er   

N. Mountain pass; drh. te khand'eruna day paron. They went by way of the pass. Syn: an.

Adj. Toothless (minus a tooth); bGyr dAnt ke, jis ke dAnt gre ho~. dando'yak pal'i may khander thi shiaw. My tooth fell out and I became minus a tooth.

khand'i dyek   

V. To throw (a shawl) over one's shoulder.

khand'uk   

N. Section or piece of a walnut meat.

khane'   

N. Enemy.

khan'ar   

Adj. Countable; SmAr. khanar ne pay asan. There are innumerable goats. khodayas khazanaas kia khanar ne. There is no limit to God's wealth.

khapo   

N. Conical basket worn on womens' backs; kylAS `orto~ kA TokrA jo wh kmr pr lAdty hy~. It is made from a branching branch and woven goathair and is strapped on the woman's back. It is used for gathering wood. These are also sometimes used as a crib for tiny babies. Classmates: sohol'a, khawa, cirew, grioni, sawew, dray, prus't'heni. Category: Tools.

khar gon, khar gond'   

N. The wooden control knob on the front of grain bin in a flourmill; pan cky kA HW:h jis se Gle ky mqdAr ko pysne ke lye km yA zyAdh krte hy~. The grain channel is attached to this knob by a string. The flow of grain in the millstone is regulated by turning the knob. Whole: zhont, zhontr ‘water-mill’; Syn: pi'onyak gond'.

khar hik   

V. ? gheri mad'rakas khar hawaw, magam sapur araw. Again the frog was tempted but waited.

kharanas'   

Adj. Invalid, sickly; m`zUr. This is said of a person without a leg, arm, eye etc.

kharap   

Adj. Bad, upset, unable to work well; XrAb. may tabiat bo kharap. I feel terrible! may hatya pata ne ashis ram pe ne araw haw, dond kharap hiu ghõi. I did not know that if I didn't let my bull chew the cud (and just let him drink water) he would not work well.

kharbiza   

N. Watermelon; trbUz. Citrullus lanatus, family Cucurbitaceae. Gen: mẽwa ‘fruit’. See: la'u; sarda.

khas₁   

N. 1 • Grass; gxAs, cArA. Spec: cizhghas ‘a kind of grass’; cat'kash ‘mustard’; khasphat' ‘weeds’; c'hirgaliak ‘a kind of grass with a milky sap’.

2 • Weeds; jRy bUTy. juwari mocaw khas upac'iu. He will pull out the weeds from among the corn.

khas₂   

Adj. Important, significant, special, one's own; XAW. khas mon. Important news. Syn: guraka.

khas tabiat   

Adj. Sad, worried, out of sorts, unhappy. tu ko khas tabiat asas. Why are you unhappy?

khasak masak   

N. Tinder, small grass, and related combustibles; gxAs pxUns. khasak masak ko'ai, ek awata kot'aio, ãgar upuan, ãgarwat gri. They gather up tinder, make a pile, and with a flintrock they start a fire. Able: jarjar ‘combustible’.

khasip   

N. Behavior, way of living, profession; ksb, hnr. tu jhonis day, may khasip. You know my behavior.

khasphat'   

N. Weeds; gxAs pxUns, jRy bUTy. Gen: khasi1 ‘grass’.

khas'   

Adv. Suddenly, quickly; ek dm (nklnA). mizok khas' dras'ni paraw. The mouse quickly emerged and ran off. Syn: pat. Restrict: This is typically associated with the verbs nihik and dras'nik 'emerge'.

khas'ap   

Adv. Quickly, soon; jldI se. khas'ap i. Come quickly! Syn: gãs't'.

khas'ap karik   

V. To go after, attack; jldI krnA. tay au zhu, may isa hatya o khas'ap mo kari. Eat your own food, don't attack mine. awel tay jaaw sambal dye, toa waregin hatya khas'ap kari. First control your own wife, then go after someone else's. Syn: hamla karik. Restrict: The object of one's greed is marked by hatya 'to'. The action that one is supposed to do in a hurry is dependent on the context in which it is spoken. Variant: kas'ap karik.

khas'ek   

V. To apply to someone else, to rub on someone else; ksy ke mlnA. a tay ruay khas'em. I will apply it to your face.

khas'ik   

V. To apply, rub on (oneself), paint (one's face), decorate (oneself); mlnA. a ruay s'ĩg khas'am. I will make a horn design on my face. Caus: khas'ek.

khat   

N. Letter; Xv, cxiTy. a mumuret pai mi bo tes tay hatya khat niweshim day. I am writing you a letter right after I came to Bumburet. Syn: kagas.

khatai   

V. Mistake; XvA honA, Glvy honA. may pi khatai hawaw. bat gri pa'a e, amẽ'a anashaw. I made a mistake. When I threw a stone it hit a sheep and it died. Restrict: The person by whom the mistake happens is marked by pi 'from'. Syn: galti hik, galat karik, abut parik.

khatarnak   

Adj. Dangerous; XvrnAk. caku zhe badok khatarnak. eli aktiat kai gehaiik bas'. Knives and axes are dangerous. These should be used with care.

Adv. Very; bht. khatarnak shishoyak. Very beautiful. Variant: khatanak; khatnarak.

khater   

N. Sake, consideration; XAvr, lHAV. tu ko kruci aas? homa khateruna pishtyak dura hatya i. Why are you peeved? For our sake come back home.

khater karik   

V. 1 • To pity someone; trs kxAnA. se may pa'aw e, a tasa hatya khater aris. When he hit me, I (didn't hit him back because I) pitied him.

2 • To do for someone's sake; XAvr krnA, lHAV krnA. tu homa khater kai, tan jaaw s'inji. For our sakes, be reconciled to your wife! Syn: muk karik, izat karik, kadur karik.

khatum   

Adj. Finished, destroyed, killed; Xtm, XAtmh.

khatum hik   

V. To die; XAtmh honA, mr jAnA. tasa malahal som se o gos't' nõ' hawaw. se o khatum hawaw. He was buried under the barn with his livestock. He died. Syn: nashik.

khatum karik   

V. To finish off, to kill; Xtm krnA, mAr dynA. may chu shonja to jawap de, ki kura tay payda kai asau? ne pe haw, tay khatum karim day ghõi mail'a. "My daughter, now answer me, who made you? If you don't answer I will kill you," he said. Syn: nashek, hõ'ik, katul karik, marik, adroik, khun karik, d'umbek.

khatuman   

N. House and accompanying structures, buildings; `mArty~. Syn: dur, abadi.

khatur   

N. Dust; gard. khatur nisi shiaw. It's dusty. Syn: udhũ', get.

khaw   

N. Threshing floor, smoothed off roof of a barn; mTy se lpAI kI hoI cxt. khal'una kay guum mond'en. They thresh wheat on the threshing floor.. Restrict: This is intentionally smoothed with fine clay each year so that grain may be threshed on it.. Syn: drami.

khaw bat   

N. The stone used at the khaw 'threshing floor'; ek ptxr jo bory ko kxRA krne ke lee ist`mAl hotA he. This is used to make the goat skin bag stand upright while grain is being poured in.

khaw s'is'a   

Id. Bald man.

khaw upunik   

V. To winnow by pitching up threshed straw; pxTk kr bxosA alg krnA.

khawa   

N. Conical basket; kylAS `orto~ kA TokrA jo wh kmr pr lAdty hy~. It is made from a branching oak, willow, or almond wood branch interwoven with goathair and is worn on a woman's back. It is used for gathering wood. These are also sometimes used as a crib for tiny babies. Classmates: prus't'heni, sohol'a, khapo, cirew, grioni, sawew, dray. Category: Tools.

khawew   

Adv. Ever.

khawezak   

N. Bedbug; kxTml. Gen: goik phawat'ik ‘insects and reptiles’.

khawe'ik   

N. The board that runs around the edge of the roof to channel rain water off; mw ySy XAnh ky cxt ke cArw~ avrAf ke knAre.

khawgani   

N. A death; sAnHh, wfAt, mAtm. tasa dura khawgani thi shiaw. a te pashio im. A death has happened in his house. I will go and see them, then come back. Syn: chik.

khawizheyn   

N. An oak under which hay is piled.

khawmanji karik   

V. To plaster a surface like a threshing floor or walls; gobr se lypAI krnA. This is done by taking cow manure, mixing it with water and clay and smoothing it over the floor to keep the dust from mixing with the wheat. Syn: khawsher karik. Variant: khawmaji karik.

khawn   

N. 1 • Owner; mAlk. kura isa khawn? Who is its owner?

2 • God; XdA. Syn: malek, mul'awa.

khawsãgaw   

N. Festival specified in the calendar year; thoAr. Spec: zhoshi ‘spring festival’; ucaw ‘fall harvest festival’; pũ' ‘grape harvest festival’; cawmos ‘winter solstice festival’; Syn: koshani.

khawsher karik   

V. To smooth out wet clay or mud; gyly cxt yA dywAr pr mTy lgA kr hmwAr krnA. Syn: khawmanji karik.

khay hik   

V. To become broken into pieces; ryzh ryzh honA. shisha pe ataw haw, khay hiu. If glass falls it will break into pieces. Syn: chelak melak hik. Kinds of things that can break in this way are hard objects like glass and pottery.

khayabata   

Adv. Already.

khayr   

N. Peace, well-being; Xer. dura khayr e? Everything peaceful at home? phakat tay khayr khojim. I am only thinking about your well-being. Syn: aphiat, arami, sukun, suklat, aman, sarajami, uzuri.

khayr karik   

V. To bless, protect, prosper; Xyr krnA. khayr hiuori. khoday khayr kariuori. May all be well! May God protect you all. Syn: niamat karik, barakat (histik).

khazana   

N. Possessions, treasure, wealth; XzAnh. khodayas khazanaas kia khanar ne. There is no limit to God's wealth. Variant: gazina.

khãgal   

N. Person without good sense.

khãgar   

N. Scimitar, curved sword; tloAr. Classmates: niza, katar, caku, nirãg; Loc: kazho'i ‘scabbard’. Category: Tools.

khãgar hik   

V. 1 • Fall down; TyRxA, XmdAr. asa mut' khãgar thi shiaw. That tree has fallen down.

2 • Lean over; tircxA, jxkA hoA. Ant: ujak; Syn: ko'hok.

khãgarek   

V. To leave ajar; drwAze ko acxy vrH bnd nh krnA us my~ SgAf cxoRnA. dur khãgarai osh atiu day. Someone left the door ajar and cold is coming in.

khãs'   

Adj. 1 • Loose or mushy as earth softened by rain; nrm. may kuc khãs' hawaw. I have diarrhea. Syn: laki2, c'ok; Ant: d'ãg.

2 • Loose (as a knot); DxylA. Syn: phok.

kha'a   

N. Shield; DxAl. Category: Tools.

kha'ayak   

N. Shield design in lower center of womens' headdress; kelAS `orto~ ky Topy me~ ek gol DyzA"n jo mXtlf motyo~ se bnAte he~.

kha'ik   

V. To be repulsed by.

kha'lak dek   

V. To repulse, be revolting; dl XrAb honA. al'a pashi may kha'lak del day. That repulses me.

kha'lak dek   

V. To make nauseated.

kha'lakaik   

V. To be disdainful; ksy cyz yA kAm ko dykx kr dl XrAb honA. tu har ishnyahari jagai, kha'lakaas day. asa asta prus't' ne. You are disdainful of everything you see. That also is not good.

kha'pis't'ok   

Adj. Black-backed of sheep or goat; wh bxyR yA bkry jo kmr se kAly ho. Gen: cot' ‘pattern’.

kha'wi   

N. 1 • Left hand; bAiy~, bAyA~. ekta tasa drãc'u'i, ek kha'wi gehenaw. One on his right, the other on his left side. CPart: drãc'u'i ‘right hand’.

2 • Left-handed person; bAyA~ hAtx ist`mAl krne wAlA, kxbA.

Adj. Left.

khã'ik   

V. To shut (one's eyes); (Ankxy~) bnd krnA. ec khã'as. Shut your eyes! Restrict: This seems to refer only to eyes.. Reversive: upac'ik ‘to open’; Syn: lishek.

khel   

N. Perspiration, sweat; psenh. krom kai hul'uk thi khel curuiu. When you work and get hot, you sweat. Variant: pres'pel ‘Urtsun (M)’.

khel curu'ik   

V. To sweat, to perspire (lit. sweat emerges); psenh AnA. krom kai hul'uk thi may khel curu'iu. When I work and get hot, I sweat.

khelwas' hik   

V. To become all sweaty; psyne se SrAbour honA. a khelwas' hawis. I've gotten all sweaty. Variant: khelwas'u hik.

kher   

N. Vegetable or flower bed; pxUlo~ yA sbzyo~ ky kyAry. Usually the Kalasha make a kher for tomatoes, onions, peppers and the like. See: bagi2; gurzen. Variant: khyer ‘Urtsun (Tu)’.

khera   

N. Wooden paddle or shovel for shoveling snow or grain; lkRy kA bylch, pxAoRA. Mat'l: bribo ‘walnut wood’; Riddle: diga' gã'gay khera Þ ‘in the hole in the wall is a wooden shovel'. Answer = jhip 'the tongue’; dur wetyaw khera Þ ‘a shovel behind the door'. Answer = jhip 'the tongue’. See: phal'ak khera. Category: Tools.

kheran karik   

V. To. s'umberaw kheran thi shiaw. It has become like before.

kherayak   

N. Small wooden paddle for scooping flour; lkRy kA cxoTA bylch.

khes   

N. Cock's comb, comb; klGy. Syn: cu'i. See: narkũ'ku.

khesmat   

N. Help, favor, service; Xdmt. tay hatya kia khesmat? What can I do for you?

khesmat hik   

V. To become tired or inconvenienced; txk jAnA. Syn: agraik, gudas hik, z'ek hik, japaja hik.

khesmatgar   

N. Servant; XdmtgAr. Syn: nawkar, dekan.

khes'   

N. Purpose, intention. kia khes'una ita aas? What have you come to do?

khes'iik   

V. To endure, to put up with; brdASt krnA. anora zhe d'ahan khes'ii, krom garawas hatya o... Enduring hunger and thirst, (congratulations) to you, O worker... Syn: bardash karik, jiraik, dorik, guzaran karik, tap onik.

khes'una   

Id. Purpose, intention. kia khes'una ita aas? For what purpose did you come?

khet   

N. Branches or sticks from the Artemesia plant; ayk podA jis ko trAS kr dAGA jAtA he. Use: thek ‘to apply’.

khet thek   

V. To apply a burning stick of artemesia to the body for healing; ek pode ky nrm trASy huoI cxAl se dAG kr `ilAj krnA. may d'hak trupel day, d'hakuna khet thai. My waist pains, burn the khet medicine and put it on my waist. Syn: l'uyan dyek, t'akor dyek, gund' dyek, s'ĩg s'at'ek.

khetgon   

N. Artemesia bush; ek pode kA tnA js se dAGA jAtA he. Gen: mut'.

khezik   

V. To move over; kxisknA, dxkelA jAnA. andayhak khezas. Move toward me! Syn: kuzhubik, pat'akik, dzal'akik, tsat'ẽgik.

khẽ   

Adv. How?; kesA. tu khẽ amai? What did you say (lit: how did you say)? Syn: khyo, kica. See: ẽhẽ.

khẽ ghõi   

Adv. Why? For what reason?; kis lye, kyo~. tu khẽ ghõi ita aas? a shẽhẽ ghõi ita aam ki andey ja karim ghõi. Why have you come? I have come thinking that I will marry a wife from here. Syn: ko.

khẽ hik   

Id. What to happen, what to do; kyA honA, kcx honA. khẽ hawaw? What happened? khẽ his day? What's are you doing (with a disapproving connotation)?

khẽanyak   

Adv. By all means, in every way. se har khẽanyak khamiat asta. He was successful in every way.

khẽcakan   

Adv. How in the world? How ever?; kyse mmkn ho sktA he. khẽ cakan may pay ne apashi? How in the world did you not see my goats? Seems to have an element of blame, and suspicion assumed by the speaker--you should have if you didn't.

khẽki   

Adv. Like that, how; jyse.

khẽlay   

Pron. What kind?; kysA, kis vrH kA. don khẽlay hal'i aas? What kind of bull did you bring?

khial   

N. Thought, idea; XyAl. tu mon ko ne kõ' kaas day? tay kia khial? Why don't you listen to my words? What is your idea? khali zhui piyo, paris day. warego kia kromas khialo ne. You only eat and drink and go out again. Any other thought about work doesn't enter your mind. Syn: guman, cit, niat.

khial karik   

V. To be aware or beware.

khikal' karik   

V. To tire out; txkA dynA. tokmokay ut'ikiman shasa bac'ho'a may khikal kai aaw. al'a ne griik bhaam day. That calf jumping in the mud puddles tires me out. I cannot catch him.

khila   

N. Sharp pain localized in the trunk of the body, especially from wounds; Sded drd. may as'una kay, khila dyel day. My shoulder is throbbing with pain. This occurs in hips, waist, back and groin area. Syn: dyili, phas; Do: dyek ‘to throb’.

khilaw   

N. Opposition; XlAf. ẽ'hẽ'ia zhe rukmul'a ogoekin khilawuna adalat karin day. ek chat' ẽ'hẽ'ion khilawuna thi shiaw. jac ẽ'hẽ'ion khilawuna araw. The men from Ayun and those from Rumbur are making a court case against each other. One time it turned out against the men of Ayun. The judge decided against them. Syn: zit, mukaliphat (karik).

khinzir   

N. Wild pig; Xinzyr, sor. Gen: bianaw zhandar ‘wild animals’.

khisa   

N. Story, event, historical account; qWh. al'ey asil khisa shasa. That is the factual story from there. Syn: ac'hõ'ik.

khishtipokta   

N. Brick; InT. khishtipokta gri, diga' dyen. They make a wall with bricks.

khiso hik   

V. To disappear, become lost. tasa kes adalatani khiso hawaw. They lost his case in court.

khist   

Intj. Shame! tu al'a kia krom ari? khist tay hatya. What have you done? Shame on you!

khista   

Adj. Raised. mayak ne pe ashis haw, khista ne hiu. If there is no yeast, the bread will not rise.

khis'e   

Intj. Shoo! said to chickens and birds; prndo~ ko bxgAne ke lee Hkm. See: kakawãk.

khis't'ipokta   

N. Brick.

khis'u   

N. Bird the size of a mayna; ek qsm kA prndh. Some refer to this bird as, dhenta tha ra karneshuk 'the villain of the mountain'. Gen: pac'hĩyak ‘bird’.

khodai   

khodai ghat'ik   

V. To beg; XdA ke nAm pr bxyk mAngnA.

khodai karik   

V. To sacrifice an animal in God's name at an altar; XdA ke nAm pr qrbAny krnA. Syn: c'hãgpoc karik, istõgas karik, marat' karik.

khoday   

N. The Creator God; XdA, pydA krne wAlA. Being the supreme god he is responsible for life, death, health, harvest etc. He is supported by angels who do the work. He does not have any altar or sanctuary dedicated to him. Syn: paydagaraw, parwardigar, d'izil'a d'izaw, malek.

khoday netas   

Adj. Badly-behaved, unprincipled; XdA kA Xof nh honA, anthAI burA royh. Morph: khoday ne tas.

khoday yar   

Intj. Good-bye!; XdA HAfV, XdA sAtx ho.

khojawenik karik   

V. To glean, gather up the remains of a harvest; cxAnTy krnA. bribo ko'ai aan. ajo khojawenik karik. They have gathered the walnuts. Now let's look for the gleanings. Syn: goshnagozhi karik.

khojik   

V. 1 • To search for, to look for, to ask for; tlAS krnA. abi kaas khoja day? Whom are you looking for? Syn: guspik.

2 • To think about, to desire something; cAhnA. a o khayr khojim day. anora zhe d'ahano ne citim day. I am only thinking about well-being. I am not thinking about hunger and thirst.

3 • To invite; md`o krnA, d`ot denA. se tan tre chul'asi dawatuna khojil'a. He invited his three daughters to a party.

4 • To summon someone; bulAwA bxyjnA.

5 • To engage a daughter to be married to someone; lRky kA rSth ve krnA. te tasa chul'as tan putras hatya khoji aini. They had engaged his daughter to their own son. Past(hearsay): khojil'a ‘they arranged’; Adj: khojili ‘engaged’.

khojili   

Adj. Engaged, arranged; mnsob Sdh. kal'as'aas dasturuna ja karikas du tharika shian, khojili ja, al'as'ĩg. In Kalasha customs there are two methods of taking a wife, arranged marriage (lit: engaged wife), and elopement. Variant: khojil'a.

khol'   

N. The dead. khol' d'hãgai. Bury the dead. Syn: at'hi.

khol' pragoik   

V. To defile the dead. This is done by marrying someone who is too close to one's own clan. Also it is done by someone marrying before a period of mourning is finished in the family. The dead person is then said to be defiled.

khond'a   

Adj. Half; nWf, AdxA. khond'a mocuna paio, du chat' gheri cund'il'a. Going partway to the middle, he stung him again twice. Syn: phat.

N. Half; nWf HW:h. se au du khond'a araw. He broke the bread into two halves.

khond'a rat   

N. Approximately midnight; Adxy rAt. Whole: basi1 ‘day’; Syn: dubarabar rat.

khond'amoc   

N. Middle of something.

khond'anas'   

Adj. Halfdead.

khond'i mon   

N. Message or spoken word; Tok bAt, cxoTy bAt. ek khond'i ujak mon, dazh khond'i lawekas pi prus't'. One true spoken word is better than ten false ones. See: khond'a.

khonza   

N. Queen; mlkh, rAny. CPart: s'a ‘king’.

-khor   

Sfx. Taker, recipient, consumer; Xor. kuc-khor. Glutton. miras-khor. Heir.

khorma   

N. Dates; kxjor, XrmA.

khosh   

Adj. Beloved, dear, pleasing; psndydh. abas mon may ne khosh. I don't like bad language.

khosh mon   

N. Secret. See: tus' no'una uk..

khoshek   

V. To like, love, choose; psnd krnA. a shirin bo khoshem. I love Shirin a great deal. Syn: jus'ik, ashek hik, muhabat hik, niwarik.

khos'   

N. Measure of two cupped and joined hands; muTxy bxr. ek khos' mashustyak may de. Give me two handfuls of dried mulberries! khos' dharas. Make your hands cupped (and take this)! See: pas'uk; anjil; baza; nimus'; jis'; jis't'; has; hast; caw ã'gu; kamuc'. Use: dharik ‘to hold out’. Variant: kos'.

khos'i   

Adj. Crooked; TyRxA. tay ashi ko khos'i thi shiaw? Why has your mouth gotten crooked?

khoyo   

Cnj. Or; yA. khoyo copo parim, khoyo waresho parim. I'll go either tomorrow or the next day. Syn: yaw.

kho'a   

N. Wooden mixing bowl for mixing dough; lkRy kA brtn js me~ ATA gUndxA jAtA he. This is about 18-24 inches long and 3 inches deep. bizu wood is used to make a smaller version of this bowl called a kho'ayak. Mat'l: bribo ‘walnut wood’; mrac' ‘mulberry wood’. See: piret'. Category: Tools.

khõ'   

N. Curse or bad wish; bd du`A.

khõ' karik   

V. To pray against someone; bd d`A denA. ko khõ' ari. Why did you pray against (him)?

khõ' marat'   

N. Sacrifice made to break a curse.

khral'ek   

V. To make someone cough, to have to cough; kxAnsy AnA. may khral'el day. I have to cough / it makes me cough.

khral'ik   

V. To cough; kxAnsnA. a khralam day. I'm coughing.

khu   

N. 1 • Habit, character. se prus't' khuas som moc. He is a well-behaved man. adat, amal. Variant: khui.

2 • Insides. tasa khuuna bala aaw. He has an evil spirit.

khubat hik   

V. To get away (from speaker). khubat ha! Get away from me!

khubat' hik   

V. To get lost, to get away.

khui   

N. Inner being, heart.

khuk   

N. Pig. Syn: khinzir.

khul   

Adj. Complete, finished; Xtm. homa krom khul. Our work is finished. See: nibus hik; phawshik.

khulek   

V. To finish doing something; Xtm krnA. ekta copa zhu, ek ta hul'ukuna, zhe eko tromish, khules shamon. Take one tomorrow, one at noon and one at evening until you finish them. Syn: plikhek, pl'ik karik.

khuli   

Adj. All, whole; kul, tmAm. khuli dunia. The whole world. Syn: saw, c'hik, pl'ik.

khumar   

N. Desire; XoAhS. may tal'ay parikas khumar shiaw. I want to go there. Syn: khaish.

khun karik   

V. To commit murder; XUn krnA. a to nashai, khun aris. Killing him, I committed murder. Syn: nashek, hõ'ik, katul karik, marik, adroik, d'umbek, khatum karik.

khundar   

N. Murderer; qAtl.

khund'iek   

V. To call, to summon, to speak; bulAnA.

khur   

N. Leg, foot; pAo~. Whole: jhan, jhand ‘body’; Dim: khurigik ‘small foot or dear foot’; Part: t'hewak ‘ankle’; asĩga ‘upper rear leg of animal’; bu'ik ‘thigh’.

khurak   

N. Food, grain, feed for chickens, seed; XorAk. a tre shor rupaya bes' dai aam. kakawãkan hatya khurak gri. I have given you 300 rupees extra. Buy some grain for the chickens.

khurbusuk parik   

V. To go far away; dor jAnA. tu kaway khurbusuk pai ai e? It seems you have gone far away.

khurus'u hik   

V. To become peeved or upset at someone; XfA ho jAnA. asa jaas khurus'u thi al'ayhak pai nisi aaw. His wife got peeved and sat over there. Syn: krucik, bam hik.

khushi   

Adj. Lame in the arm or hands; apAhj, m`Ewr. Syn: khut'a.

N. Person with a lame arm having part or all of his hand cut off; hAtx kTA hoA Admy.

khushkushek   

V. To investigate, find out.

khuskhusan   

Adv. Even. Syn: piley.

khus'₁   

N. Hole, indentation, ditch; gRxA. precona dyikas hatya mul khus' kari. Make a hole in the porridge for pouring in the melted butter. mut'hu'ikas nasenaw khus' kari, phato bas'ik pe praw haw, ug sariaw. Put holes around the tree trunk so when it rains the water will gather. Syn: gã'g, ce, ghut', pahan.

Adj. Deep; ghrA. Syn: gurgunt', kudhum; Ant: tharika. Variant: ghus'.

khus'₂   

Adv. Perfectly, exactly, very, extremely; mkml vor pr. khus' pund'uirak. Perfectly round like a disk. Syn: paki₂.

khus' karik   

V. To dig a hole; gRxA kxodnA. bhel gri, khus' karim. I will dig a hole with a shovel. Syn: kocik.

khus'pik   

V. To make a hole in material with a tool; trASnA, kxodnA. cumus't'i gri zhontwat khus'pin day. They are making a hole with a chisel. Syn: gã'g karik; Instr: cumus't'i ‘chisel’; tsogun ‘chisel’; bhõki ‘adze’; nighon ‘chisel’; ari2 ‘awl’; Object: kut'o ‘bowl’; ku'inj ‘ladle’.

khus'pik   

V. To carve. Instr: tsogun.

khut   

Adv. Somehow; Zror. khot may muc'a hatya iu. He will somehow come into my power (one day). tu wakum mo ha, tay dec khut tay dem. Don't worry, I will pay your debt somehow.

khut'a   

Adj. Lame in the legs; lngRA. Syn: khushi.

khut'a baza   

N. Legs and arms; dst w pA. khut'a baza trupen day. My legs and arms are paining me. Whole: jhan, jhand ‘body’.

khut'aik   

V. To limp; lngRAnA.

khut'awat'i   

N. Leggings, leg wrappings, puttees; srdy se mHfUV rhne ke lye TAng ke gird lpeTne ky pTy. khut'awat'i dyiam. tacĩg dyiam. I will put on my leggings. I will put on my shepherd footwear. Use: dyiik ‘to put on’. Morph: khut'a pat'i.

khut'i dyek   

V. To greet by saluting, embracing, and shaking hands; ek dosre se mlnA. This form of greeting is only done man to man after an appreciable separation. The men first salute each other with right hand touching the forehead. Then they put the right hand under each others' left armpit, the left hand holding the other's arm and touch right shoulder to left, left to right and again right to left. Then they draw off into a four-hand handshake. They end by saluting again. Syn: ishpad'ek, wazhik hik, sawazh hik, has khal'ek.

khu'   

N. Hat; Topy. See: kas'õg; s'a ghu'; kupas; kato'ho'iki.

khu'ak   

N. Small hat for children, cap; cxoTI TopI.

khu'ak   

N. Chaff (left from winnowing); byj kA cxlkA.

khu'ayak bat   

N. The stone on which the millwheel pivots; wh ptxr js pr cky kA gxuomne wAlA pnkxA qA"m hotA he. Whole: zhont, zhontr ‘water-mill’.

khu'i   

N. Bowl or pan used for eating; ghrA brtn. Dim: khu'yak ‘small bowl’. Variant: khud'ak ‘Birir’. Category: Tools.

khu'ik   

V. To attack someone, adhere to someone; nAzl honA. tasa mocas aphat khu'i, anashaw. Evil attacked him and he died. Syn: s'at'ik; Actor: aphat ‘trouble’; bala ‘evil spirit’; osh ‘snow, ice’; suri ‘sun’.

khu'yak   

N. 1 • Small bowl; cxoTA ghrA brtn.

2 • Notch or receptacle on the gal' club for holding ball; brf me~ kxylne wAle lmbe DnDe kA gRxA.

khyo   

Adv. How? Syn: khẽ, kica. khali o khyo parik? How will we go empty-handed?

ki   

Pron. That; kh. copamina us't'il'a. us't'i dramia pai jagal'a, ki tasa nõgor bo shishoyak. In the morning he got up. Going out on his roof he saw that his palace was very beautiful. Restrict: Note that the use of ki changes the function of such interrogative words as ko ki 'because', kia ki 'that which', kawa ki 'where'.

kia   

Pron. What?; kyA. moc kia maan? What will people say?

Adj. Some, any; kcx. aj kaw kia goik hai yaw nosh ne. juwari asta thawamina, guum asta. This year no worms or rot destroyed the crops. Both the corn and the wheat were a bit more than just enough. may put, a tay kay shoon may aam, tu kia krom kari. My son, I have told you many times that you do some work. kia o mos onim kio warek ishnyahari onim zhukas hatya. I will bring some meat and some other things to eat. Restrict: Combined with ne, kia has the meaning of 'no', or 'not any'.

What?; kyA. tu may mon ko ne kõ' karis day? tay kia khial? Why don't you listen to me? What is your thought? Variant: ke ‘Urtsun’.

kia asta   

Pron. Whatever; kcx bxy. se nogor shẽhẽ shishoyak ki dadas se o tasa prus't'una hish kia asta ne. That palace was so beautiful that her father's palace was nothing whatever in comparison.

kia ki   

Pron. Which, that which; jo.

kia kia   

Pron. What things?; kyA kyA. kia kia bazaraw oni as? What all have you brought from the market?

kia ne kia   

Pron. Something or other; kcx nh kcx. har chat' kia ne kia ghat'iman may weran karis day. All the time you are asking for something or other and bothering me.

kia watuna   

Id. When?; ks wqt, kb.

kiamat   

N. Final judgment.

kia...ne   

Pron. Nothing; kcx nhy~. zamana shum thi shiaw. kura kaas hatya kia ne karin day. Times have become bad. No one does anything for anyone.

kibaw   

N. Event (generic word for anything); cyz. may pis't'una kia kibaw hiu day? Whatever is happening on my back? Syn: shut'ut'ur.

kibaw hik   

V. To be like that; esA honA. se kibaw thi, ut'iki ut'iki, to bo zarawar kakboy hikas tharo chini aaw. He being like that, he jumped and jumped. And because he was a very strong leopard, he broke the trap's moorings. Variant: ibaw hik; shibaw hik.

kica   

Adj. What kind of?; kysA, kysy. kica mon des day? What kind of thing are you saying?

Adv. How!; kysA, ktnA. dada jagai, onja o aya kica shishoyak nogor thi shiaw Look father, here now how beautiful a palace has come to be! Syn: khẽ, khyo. Variant: kicaka.

kicek   

V. To soak; bigxonA. rõg phal'ik uguna kicen. kicai, tal'ay sutr histin. phato se rãg s'at'aw. The seeds of the 'rong' plant they soak in water. Then they put the thread in. Then the color will dye the thread.

kila   

N. Banana; kylA. Musa, family Musaceae. Gen: mẽwa ‘fruit’.

kilabaw   

Pron. No one. dura kilabaw ne asta. There was no one at home.

kila'wat'   

N. Grass species with broad leaves growing in the high pastures; ek qsm ky gxAs. Gen: khasi1 ‘grass’.

kilibili   

Adj. Active, responsive. a to t'ães e, se kilibili ne. When I shook him, he didn't respond.

kilip   

N. Hair clip, barrette; klp. zoruk kilipay s'at'en. They attach metal balls to the end of a hair clip.

kilis'   

N. Fibers; rySh.

Adj. Fibrous; rySh dAr. kilis' kilis' az'a'i. Fibrous apricots. Things that can be said to be fibrous are apricots, barley, a certain kind of wheat, rice, and karas 'a millet-like grain'.

kilki   

N. Window (with glass pane); kxRky.

kil'a'   

N. Delicious kind of cheese; ek qsm kA mzedAr pnyr. cap cruka kil'a'. Really sour cheese. dzaray gri kil'a' sawzen. They take rennet and make kil'a' cheese. Gen: chamani ‘cheese’.

kil'a'a saras   

N. Festival marking beginning of the new year and farming season in Bumburet; ek thoAr js ke b`d kASt kAry Sro` hoty he. On the first night a ceremony for cleansing the cattle sheds is held. Next night representatives of each village gather in the sanctuary of ĩgaw and eat newly made cheese. After this festival women can drink goat's milk and farming begins. This is called istum saras in Rumbur. Gen: koshani ‘celebration’; Syn: istum saras. Variant: salgeri ‘Birir’.

kil'a'a saras mastruk   

N. First month of year and first month of spring; bhAr kA phlA mhynh jis my~ kAStkAry Sro` hoty he. Whole: basun, basund ‘spring’.

kimat   

N. Price; qymt. Syn: kre, wak.

Adj. Expensive; mhngA. Syn: geran; Ant: askan, arzan.

kimati   

Adj. Expensive, precious; qymty. kimati bat. A precious stone.

kimia   

N. Healing herbs.

kimia ghas   

N. A healing herb; ptxr ky vrH ky cyz jw kh phARw~ ky zmyn my~ pA"y jAty he. It is regarded as pure. It is said that snakes lick it for food.

kimond asta   

Adj. However much, however many; ktne bxy, ktne aor. Variant: kimonyaka; kande ‘Urtsun’.

kimond ita   

Id. How much (price)?; (qymt) ks vrH, ktne (dAm) kA. ia kimond ita? How much is this? Variant: kimond ita.

kimon, kimond   

Adj. How much?, how many?; ktnA. kimon pay aan? How many goats are there? kimon kariu day? How much (price) is he selling it for?

Adv. How, how very; kysA, ktnA. se mail'a ki, o may nogor kimon shishoyak. He said, "Oh, how beautiful my palace is!"

kini   

Ptcl. Only, just. du bas kini dunia. Only two days (on) earth.

kipini   

N. Spoon; cmch. Riddle: shututur phar asta gri, nãgoruna hatya pariu Þ ‘a thing which takes a load and goes into the palace. Answer = kipinyak 'a spoon’. Nowadays these are metal but they used to be made from juniper. Dim: kipinyak; Mat'l: saras ‘juniper’. Category: Tools.

kipkop hik   

V. To be quiet; XAmoS honA. kipkop ha. Keep quiet! Syn: cimcilit hik. Variant: kimkop.

kiptan   

N. Captain.

kiraya   

N. Rent, fee, fare; krAyh. kiraya dek. To pay rent. kiraya griik. To collect rent.

kirik   

N. Snow; brf. c'atrawuna bo kirik amucaw. It snowed a lot in Chitral. Dim: kirityak; Do: phirĩa'ik ‘to sprinkle’; s'is'irik ‘to sprinkle’; pal'ik ‘to fall’; dyek ‘to fall’. Snow is considered by the Kalasha as being onjes't'a 'ritually pure', more so than water. Grapes and wine are considered more pure than snow.

kirik dyek   

V. To snow; brf bAry honA. homa gromuna piliwe' thi, du bas kirik dyai, ek hast athaw. In our village it snowed for two days and left a foot and a half of snow.

kirik shuak   

N. Frost; pAlA. rhat bo kirik shuak gri ashis. Last night there was a big frost. Do: griik ‘to occur’. See: pal'azik; al' ‘dew’.

kirik udhõ'   

N. Powder snow; nrm brf.

kirik wac'   

N. Bird that appears in winter; brf bAry ke prnde. Gen: pac'hĩyak ‘bird’.

kirik wazhĩyak   

N. A small bird that appears when the snow melts.

kirikmal'i   

N. Large clumps of snow which gathers on branches; drXto~ ky SAXo~ pr pRy hoI brf. kirik dyai mut'a kirikmal'i puri hawaw. mut' preki aan e kia haw? The snow has fallen and filled the trees. Maybe the branches have broken? kirik dyai kirikmal'i pal'i phond band araw, khẽ thi ugas parik? The snow has fallen, and the stacked snow has fallen and closed the path. How can we go to get water?

kirikushik   

N. Snow flower. This is the first flower that is seen after the winter snows melt. It is white and red. Gen: gamburi.

kirkot'   

Adj. Dry and hard; XSk aor sXt. may tacĩg kirkot' thi shian. My leather footwear has become dry and hard. Syn: sharaw, d'ad'e, ka'kse, ac'una.